1 Introduction to Linear Slide Nouns - Main Influencing Parametersa、線性滑軌之負(fù)荷與壽命 (L)

　　A. Load and Life of Linear Slide (L)

　　線性滑軌選用型號(hào)時(shí)，根據(jù)機(jī)構(gòu)使用條件及所受外力，可藉由工程計(jì)算求出機(jī)構(gòu)中每一個(gè)滑座所受外力影響產(chǎn)生的負(fù)載，而型錄上記載的基本靜額定負(fù)載(C0)或基本容許靜力矩(Mx、My、Mz)等參數(shù)，將滑座等效負(fù)載求出予以比較，可以求出靜系數(shù)，用以判斷機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)于外力的抵抗程度。而線性滑軌評(píng)估長(zhǎng)期磨耗使用壽命則是利用基本動(dòng)額定負(fù)載(C)，可求出線性滑軌因長(zhǎng)期往復(fù)負(fù)載導(dǎo)致發(fā)生金屬疲勞之表面破壞的總行程距離。

　　When choosing the type of linear sliding track, according to the working conditions of the mechanism and the external forces, the loads caused by the external forces on each sliding seat in the mechanism can be calculated by engineering calculation. The basic static rated load (C0) or the basic allowable static moment (Mx, My, Mz) recorded in the type record can be compared to calculate the equivalent loads of the sliding seat, and the static safety factor can be obtained to judge the pair of mechanisms. Resistance to external forces. For evaluating the long-term wear life of linear slides, the basic dynamic rated load (C) is used to calculate the total travel distance of metal fatigue surface damage of linear slides caused by long-term reciprocating load.

　　b、基本額定靜負(fù)荷 (C0)

　　B. Basic rated static load (C0)

　　當(dāng)線性滑軌系統(tǒng)于靜止或低速運(yùn)行中受到過(guò)大的負(fù)載或沖擊,軌道溝槽及鋼珠會(huì)發(fā)生變形，假設(shè)此變形量達(dá)到某個(gè)程度，此線性滑軌就無(wú)法運(yùn)行順暢。而基本額定靜負(fù)載(C0)即為靜止負(fù)載作用在軌道溝槽及鋼珠產(chǎn)生的總變形量達(dá)到鋼珠直徑的萬(wàn)分之一時(shí)的靜止負(fù)荷。

　　When the linear sliding track system is subjected to excessive load or impact in static or low-speed operation, the track grooves and beads will be permanently deformed. Assuming that the deformation reaches a certain degree, the linear sliding track will not run smoothly. The basic rated static load (C0) is the static load when the total permanent deformation of the track groove and the steel ball reaches one-thousandth of the diameter of the steel ball.

　　c、基本容許靜力矩 (Mx，My，Mz)當(dāng)線性滑軌系統(tǒng)受到負(fù)載或沖擊而產(chǎn)生力矩時(shí),使線性滑軌發(fā)生軌道溝槽及鋼珠的變形，當(dāng)變形量達(dá)到鋼珠直徑的萬(wàn)分之一時(shí)。我們稱這種作用力矩為滑座的基本容許靜力矩。而 Mx、My、Mz為在線軌X、Y、Z 三個(gè)軸向的值。

　　C. The basic allowable static moment (Mx, My, Mz) causes permanent deformation of track grooves and steel balls when the linear sliding track system is subjected to load or impact. When the permanent deformation reaches one thousandth of the diameter of steel balls. We call this action moment the basic allowable static moment of slide seat. The values of Mx, My and Mz are three axes of X, Y and Z.

　　d、靜系數(shù) (fs)為基本額定靜負(fù)荷 C0與線性滑軌系統(tǒng)較大等效負(fù)載之比率值。此數(shù)值可以反映線性滑軌使用的可靠程度。

　　D. The static safety factor (fs) is the ratio of the basic rated static load C0 to the maximum equivalent load of the linear slideway system. This numerical value can reflect the reliability of linear slides.
                          

　　以下為靜系數(shù)的參考值 :

　　The following are the reference values of the static safety factor:

　　e、額定壽命的意義 (L)

　　E. Meaning of rated life (L)

　　線性滑軌為量產(chǎn)之下產(chǎn)物，即使使用制程與材料原料相同，在同條件運(yùn)作的滑軌的也不一定有同樣的運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)壽命，額定壽命的定義:相同條件下連續(xù)運(yùn)作其中90%的線性滑軌不會(huì)產(chǎn)生表面疲勞剝落的破壞時(shí)，線性滑軌所能行走總距離。

　　Linear slides are products of mass production. Even if the process and material are the same, the slides operating under the same conditions do not necessarily have the same operation life. The definition of rated life is that 90% of the linear slides running continuously under the same conditions will not produce surface fatigue spalling damage, and the total distance that the linear slides can travel.

　　f、基本額定動(dòng)負(fù)荷 (C)

　　F. Basic rated dynamic load (C)

　　基本額定動(dòng)負(fù)荷用于定義線性滑軌抵抗金屬表面疲勞破壞的負(fù)載能力，定義的方式為使用同一批相同規(guī)格與同樣使用條件的線性滑軌，假設(shè)將測(cè)試額定壽命定為 50KM，這一批線性滑軌在實(shí)驗(yàn)負(fù)荷下運(yùn)行 50KM而能有90%以上不產(chǎn)生金屬表面疲勞剝落破壞的現(xiàn)象時(shí)，則此實(shí)驗(yàn)負(fù)載即為此線性滑軌在額定壽命 50km之基本動(dòng)額定負(fù)荷。

　　The basic rated dynamic load is used to define the load capacity of linear slides against metal surface fatigue damage. It is defined by using the same batch of linear slides with the same specifications and the same operating conditions. Assuming that the rated test life is set at 50KM, this batch of linear slides can run at 50KM under the experimental load and can not produce the phenomenon of metal surface fatigue spalling damage for more than 90%. The test load is the basic dynamic rated load of the linear slideway at the rated life of 50 km.

　　1-2 線性滑軌名詞介紹 附屬影響參數(shù)

　　1-2 Linear Slide Nouns Introducing Affiliated Influencing Parametersg、接觸系數(shù) (fc)

　　G, contact coefficient (fc)

　　當(dāng)滑座靠緊著使用時(shí),受力矩或安裝面的精度之影響,通常很難得到均勻的負(fù)荷分布。 因此使用2個(gè)或2個(gè)以上滑塊，靠緊使用時(shí)，基本額定動(dòng)負(fù)荷(C)與基本額定靜負(fù)荷 (C0)必須乘上接觸系數(shù)。

　　When the sliding seat is used close to each other, it is usually difficult to obtain uniform load distribution due to the influence of the moment of force or the accuracy of the mounting surface. Therefore, when two or more sliders are used closely, the contact coefficient must be multiplied by the basic rated dynamic load (C) and the basic rated static load (C0).

　　f、硬度系數(shù) (fh)

　　F, hardness coefficient (fh)

　　為了充分發(fā)揮線性滑軌的負(fù)荷能力,滾動(dòng)面的硬度范圍較好在 HRC 58~62。若滾動(dòng)面的硬度比 HRC 58硬度低時(shí), 基本額定動(dòng)負(fù)荷與基本額定靜負(fù)荷就必須考慮硬度系數(shù)(fh)。

　　In order to give full play to the load capacity of linear slides, the hardness range of rolling surface is best in HRC 58 ~ 62. If the hardness of rolling surface is lower than that of HRC 58, the hardness coefficient (fh) must be taken into account for the basic rated dynamic load and the basic rated static load.
       導(dǎo)軌絲杠

　　線性滑軌的溫度系數(shù)：

　　Temperature coefficient of linear slideway:

　　如果直線導(dǎo)軌或線性滑軌的使用溫度超過(guò)100℃時(shí),考慮高溫的不良影響,在計(jì)算時(shí)必須考慮溫度系數(shù)。(注)環(huán)境溫度超過(guò) 80℃時(shí), 有必要將密封墊片,端面檔板,保持器等的材質(zhì)變成耐高溫材料。

　　If the service temperature of linear guideway or linear slideway exceeds 100 C, the adverse effect of high temperature must be considered, and the temperature coefficient must be taken into account in calculation. (Note) When the ambient temperature exceeds 80 C, it is necessary to change the materials of sealing gaskets, end baffles and retainers into high temperature resistant materials.

　　j、負(fù)荷系數(shù) (fw)

　　J. Load coefficient (fw)

　　通常作往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)的機(jī)械在運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)中大都伴隨著振動(dòng)或沖擊,特別是高速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)產(chǎn)生的振動(dòng)或經(jīng)常反復(fù)啟動(dòng)停止時(shí)的沖擊等,要全部算出是很困難的。因此當(dāng)速度振動(dòng)的影響很大時(shí),可以參考使用以下根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)所得到的負(fù)荷系數(shù)除以基本額定動(dòng)負(fù)荷(C).

　　Generally, the reciprocating motion of machinery is accompanied by vibration or shock in operation, especially the vibration caused by high-speed operation or the shock caused by repeated starting and stopping, etc. It is very difficult to calculate all of them. Therefore, when the effect of velocity vibration is very large, the following load coefficients obtained from experience can be used to divide the basic rated dynamic load (C).
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